Tag
modular-arithmetic
- Aug 19, 2026 Modular Exponentiation and the Cost of One Key Operation How square-and-multiply collapses a huge exponent into a few thousand multiplications, why private exponents cost far more than public ones, and where constant-time code changes the algorithm. cryptography
- Feb 17, 2023 Poly1305 and the Arithmetic of a One-Time Key A 130-bit prime, a clamped scalar, and a carry structure that make a fast MAC provably secure only when each key is used exactly once. cryptography
- Jan 9, 2022 RSA Key Generation and the Prime Search Generating two large primes, testing them for primality, deriving the private exponent, and why the resulting key has structure that must be checked rather than assumed. cryptography
- Dec 15, 2021 Sequence Numbers and the Sliding Window Arithmetic How a 32-bit byte counter replaces per-byte bookkeeping, why the window variables are indices into a modular sequence space, and where the arithmetic breaks. networking