Tag
privilege-levels
- Jul 23, 2026 Ring Compression: Deprivileging a Guest Kernel Without Losing Its Own Protection How a hypervisor moves a guest kernel down the x86 privilege ladder, why the choice between ring 1 and ring 3 changes what the guest can enforce against its own processes, and which instructions leak the difference. virtualization
- Feb 11, 2026 Trap-and-Emulate: The Popek-Goldberg Conditions and Sensitive Instructions Why a guest kernel running without real privilege can still appear to control the machine, which instructions break that illusion, and how the 1974 virtualization theorem decides where traps must land. virtualization